FRESNO — As consumers lost their jobs and struggled to make ends meet during the COVID-19 pandemic, many have turned to payday loans and other short-term solutions, with an increase in solutions on line. This has not only allowed predatory lenders to thrive – many borrowers still face exorbitant interest rates and opaque fees – but has also created a fertile environment for scam artists, according to a new in-depth study. investigative study by Better Business Bureau (BBB).
Payday loan laws are managed from state to state among the 32 states in which they are available, and a complex web of regulations makes the impact of the industry in the United States and Canada difficult to understand. follow.
The BBB study, however, finds a common thread in the triple-digit interest rates that many of these loans carry – camouflaged by interest compounded weekly or monthly, rather than annually, as well as significant rollover fees.
Image by Towfiqu Barbhuiya.
From 2019 to July 2022, BBB received more than nearly 3,000 customer complaints about payday loan companies, with a disputed dollar amount of nearly $3 million. In addition, over 117,000 complaints have been filed against debt collection companies at BBB.
Complainants often said they felt ill-informed about the terms of their loans. Many fall into what consumer advocates call a “debt trap” of racking up interest and fees that can force customers to pay double the amount originally borrowed. A St. Louis, Missouri woman recently told BBB that over the course of her $300 loan, she paid over $1,200 and still owed an additional $1,500.
Image by B_A.
The scammers haven’t missed an opportunity to take advantage of consumers either, with BBB Scam Tracker receiving over 7,000 reports of loan and debt collection scams representing around $4.1 million in losses.
Posing as payday loan companies and debt collectors, scammers use stolen information to trick consumers into handing over banking information and cash. In one case, BBB discovered that hackers had stolen and released detailed personal and financial data for more than 200,000 consumers. The news indicate that it is not a isolated incident.
A Fon-du-Lac, Wisconsin, a woman said she recently received a phone call from a so-called debt collector stating that a lawsuit was pending against her over an overdue payday loan debt. Fearing legal trouble, she eventually sent the scammer $500 and her credit card information. Over the course of several months, her card was topped up until she canceled it.
Image by Josh Appel.
Regulators at the federal level have passed tougher laws to combat predatory lending, but those regulations have been rolled back in recent years, leaving states to set their own rules on interest rate caps and other aspects of lending. on salary.
More than a dozen states introduced legislation last year to regulate payday loans, but the landscape of legally operating payday lenders remains inconsistent across states.
Currently, payday loans are not allowed in 18 states, according to PEW Charitable Trust. Moreover, the Military Loans Act sets a rate of 36% on certain payday loans. When it comes to fraudulent behavior, law enforcement is limited in what they can do to prosecute payday loan scams. Some legal payday lenders have attempted to prevent scams by educating consumers about the ways in which they will or will not contact borrowers.
The BBB study advises consumers to thoroughly research all of their borrowing options — as well as the terms of a payday loan — before signing anything for a short-term loan.
Image by Jp Valery.
The study also includes recommendations for regulators:
· Cap consumer loans at 36%.
· Educate more people about no-cost extended repayment plans.
· Require lenders to check whether consumers can repay their loans.
· Require Zelle, Venmoand other payment services to offer refunds in case of fraud.
Where to report a payday loan scam or file a complaint:
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) – reportfraud.ftc.gov
Canadian Anti-Fraud Center (CAFC) – On line or by phone at 888-495-8501
· State attorneys general can often help. Find your attorney general’s website to see if you can file on line.
· 
If you have an overdue payment on a payday loan, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau can I have Resources to help you establish a payment plan.
Find more information about this study and other BBB scam studies at bbb.org/scamstudies.
BBB infographic on payday loan scams and predatory lending in the United States (PDF)
About the Better Business Bureau
BBB is a business-supported non-profit organization that sets and maintains high standards for fair and honest business behavior. BBB’s services to consumers are free. BBB provides objective advice, BBB company profiles on more than 5.3 million businesses, 11,000 charitable reviews, dispute resolution services, alerts and educational information on matters affecting market confidence.
Visit bbb.org for more information. There are local and independent BBBs located in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, including BBB Serving Central California & Inland Empire Counties, which was founded in 1950 and serves 11 counties in the state of California.
